Principles and Functions of Management

Standards and Functions of Management Out line:This article will take a gander at the Principles and Functions of Management. Which specifies there is a contrast between what a director ought to do and what they really do? As indicated by numerous scholars perception. Thusly, I will remark by use of my own insight into the board hypotheses and ideas. Further more, it depends on an encounter and press stuffs. Because of principle conversations, my evaluation can be partitioned into following paragraph:I.IntroductionIn this request I will characterize:- What is a chief?- Why do we need the administration?- Theories the board: X and Y-Levels of managementII. PresentationIn this case I will clarify:- What an administration ought to do?- What they really do?- How come there are the distinctions?- How can it impact on authoritative values?II.Conclusion-Summaries the central matters Add arrangement and recommendationIII.IntroductionLong time back, there was an idea of director in each social class. Since individuals are continu ally looking forward a person, who can lead association in a privilege way.The Whole TheoryThus, supervisors are individuals liable for the way toward arranging, sorting out, driving and controlling the endeavors of association individuals and of utilizing every authoritative asset to accomplish expressed hierarchical goals.The associations will in general methodology its destinations. Along these lines, they want there is a gainful work. In term of this, we have to unite individuals. It prompts consolidate encounters, information, and productivity assets. It is probably going to accomplish more than by individuals taking a shot at their own. Besides, the directors can make a wanting to communicate objectives in term of benefit, piece of the overall industry so as to accomplish these goals the associations require to have ideal individuals having obligation, to make arranging in the perfect time. The staff are required to execution the errands given by the supervisors. Due to Pearce and Robinson articulation that supervisor is: The way toward upgrading human, material, and money related commitments...

Accounting Standards and Standards Free-Samples for Students

Question: Talk about the Accounting Theory and Concepts. Answer: Presentation The current report study presents a basic assessment of the article titled Half a Defense of Positive Accounting Research wrote by the writer named Paul V Dunmore. The ebb and flow article essentially examines the general positive methodology towards investigate in bookkeeping. Especially, the ebb and flow section briefly presents the outline of the article, confined research questions, hypothetical system of the examination paper, significance and constraints of the investigation and as a last point the findings of the momentum study. The ebb and flow area explains illustratively the thought of positive bookkeeping on an exploration stage that fundamentally means to create diverse causal clarifications of human conduct in a bookkeeping setting. Furthermore, the current examination likewise investigates the cosmology and the epistemology of the exploration work. Especially, the establishment of measurable speculation testing is supposed to be powerless and this is cursorily practical ly identical to the creation standard of Popper. Notwithstanding, the central difficulties include easygoing development of various hypothetical models that want to be investigated, pointless dependence on approval of theory assessment, lack of interest as respects distinctive numerical figures of assorted parameters, deficient duplication to guarantee trust in recognized perceptions just as the work of standards and hypotheses to examine diverse subjective information instead of outlines. Synopsis of the article The ebb and flow article titled Half a Defense of Positive Accounting Research systematically investigates the metaphysics just as the epistemology of essentially positive research. This article additionally considers the way where the ebb and flow bookkeeping research practice doesn't satisfy the necessities for undertaking various research program efficaciously. In any case, the examination of the momentum investigate reveals insight into positive methodology of research that basically expects to create distinctive causal clarifications of human conduct in bookkeeping setting (Freeman et al. 2014). Furthermore, the current investigation additionally completes point by point investigation of various causes or, more than likely purposes for a specific human conduct in explicitly a huge business firm where individual to individual associations are basically supplanted by unoriginal procedures of procurement of huge data vital for procedure of business dynamic. Other than this, the art icle likewise presents a basic evaluation of scholarly research extends that has ontological notwithstanding epistemological presumptions and distinguishes inadequacies identified with a specific positive bookkeeping research (Bryer 2014). This fundamentally helps in anticipation from making positive commitments to broad undertakings. Once more, the flow article viable presents unmistakable logical research venture in which scholarly enquiries are started for the procedure of foundation of theory of research. Moving further, the ebb and flow inquire about article elucidates illustratively clear examples of positive research. In this manner, the exploration piece additionally explains noteworthy ideas of logical philosophy alongside epistemology and presents the manufacture of theory testing and clarifications of the way the specific hypotheses are made-up (Henderson et al. 2015). At that point, the subjective parts of the positive research speaks to the reason that fundamentally inc orporates advancement of primer comprehension of explicit wonder before embraced procedure of quantitative specifications. In any case, the other reason and goal of the subjective positive research is basically to evaluate the speculations. Accordingly, the method of reasoning alongside the shortcomings of the encircled factual theory is thus surveyed and the effect on the positive research is additionally assessed inside and out. Besides, the exploration cost likewise clarifies all the prerequisites of a viable positive research program that in a general sense contains defenseless models confirmed rigidly, precise expository demonstrating, center around estimation as opposed to testing and replication (Biondi and Zambon 2013). Examination of discoveries just as perceptions of the exploration piece, helps in showing up at the definitive results and thusly gives recommendations to doing the quantitative positive research. From that point, the paper clarifies the purpose for why it is essentially similar to this. The recommendations dependent on the discoveries of the investigation mirrors that there is requirement for predominant hypothetical models that are a lot of particular and simultaneously powerless and are paid attention to as subjects for intensive assessment. Notwithstanding, this shows the frustrating progression made in positive bookkeeping exploration can be viewed as an immediate aftereffect of using specially appointed quantitative models that can be diminished to unimportant announcements of the foreseen indication of relationship between two distinct factors (Miller and Power 2013). It very well may be additionally included that the intricate models coming from the investigative research are not appropriately organized. Nitty gritty assessment of the discoveries of the examination additionally proposes the way that there is requirement for better identification in order to guarantee that the hypothetical models can be suitably inspected. All things considered, the thoughts should be functionalized by finding fitting intermediaries for various intriguing ideas. After foundation of a feasible route for estimation of an idea, that specific arrangement of estimation should be used as a standard in all the ensuing examinations as opposed to reexamining different estimations for the investigation (Modell 2013). Furthermore, assessment of the discoveries additionally recommends the way that a move of center from the way toward testing the theory to appropriate estimation of research parameters is vital. For this situation, examination can be done between certainty stretches for parameters with explicitly assorted hypothetical expectations of the parameters just as with various similar estimation from diffe rent investigations (Rogers and Van Buskirk 2013). Once more, there is requirement for upkeep of documentation of estimation of huge thoughts that can help in testing explicit speculations. To complete, there is requirement for comprehensive applications for validation of the ends from the testing of theory. Research Questions The inquiries encircled in the current article expects to To basically evaluate whether the positive research program can be viewed as more extensive idea than the speculations on positive bookkeeping To fundamentally analyze the degree to which unequivocal positive research program in bookkeeping can help with accomplishing various logical expectations To investigate the way wherein representation of Kuhn of ordinary science can discharge the positive bookkeeping during the time spent accomplishment of potential To assess the way various parts of especially metaphysics alongside epistemology assumptions can influence explicit research program Thus, the exploration question therefore surrounded for the investigation are as per the following: How do the positive research during the time spent bookkeeping can help in accomplishment of assorted logical aims? How do the estimating, testing and seeing inside a clear research worldview as proposed by Kuhn can help with freeing especially positive bookkeeping? How do various parts of philosophy just as epistemology can apply sway on explicit research program? Hypothetical Framework The ebb and flow segment clarifies in detail hypothetical system of the examination piece on especially the speculations of positive bookkeeping. All things considered, this fundamentally clarifies illustratively the system and the structure that can bolster the whole hypothetical ideas of the ebb and flow look into piece. In itself, hypothetical system clarifies the premise of the issue of the exploration of the ebb and flow study and validates differing hypotheses alongside thoughts that are appropriate for the momentum inquire about subject that is thusly considered. What's more, the hypothetical structure likewise calls attention to towards the clarifications as respects the logical metaphysics alongside the epistemology factors that is essentially associated with the elements of positive bookkeeping. Basically, the ideas of bookkeeping manages assorted thoughts of acquiring, deals income, gains, costs, brought about misfortune just as deterioration and numerous others (Beatty an d Liao 2014). By and by, the bookkeeping hypothesis when seen from the point of view of metaphysics recreates the way that there are a few fundamental notions as respects the presence of reality that essentially can essentially be identified with the ideas of authenticity hypothesis clarified in reasoning. In any case, assorted derivations established on specific ontological suspicions can be respected to be lacking in the event that if results alongside jobs of bookkeeping in business concerns and society are contemplated illustratively (Bonin 2013). By and by, it very well may be basically thus deciphered that positive metaphysics alongside epistemology may maybe not be exact and simultaneously are not incomprehensible and nonsensical. Therefore, the positive research embraced for various parts of sociology require supposition of specific methodologies that can transform various perceptions into very much grounded causal thoughts. Hugeness and Limitations of the Article The current bit of research helps with obtaining profound knowledge in regards to the positive bookkeeping from the more extensive point of view of an exploration work that fundamentally plans to improve specific causal relations of human lead in explicitly a bookkeeping setting. Other than this, the current examination likewise delves profound into the scholarly research venture under logical research that can help with fathoming the reason just as impact associa

Reiters Syndome Essays - Feminism, British People, Womens Rights

Reiters Syndome Equivalent Rights for Women During the nineteenth century, the ladies testimonial development was coming out full power to request the equivalent privileges of ladies in the United States and Europe. The ladies who upheld the womens testimonial adjusted a Declaration of Principles that just expressed that, We hold these realities to act naturally obvious: that all people are made equivalent (Perry, 1995, p.194). The ladies testimonial development not exclusively was taking a stab at equivalent privileges of ladies yet additionally for casting a ballot benefits. Mary Wollstonecrafts challenged the self-dishonor of ladies to men. In the Vindication of the Rights of Woman, Wollstonecraft accentuated that a very much educated, trustworthy, and influential lady would be valuable in the public eye and ready to deal with a family. Ladies ought to be permitted to rehearse medication as a doctor, or deal with a store where they can hold their heads high rather squandering their life away. In the works of John Stuart Mil l, he upheld ladies s rights in The Subjection of Women. He accepted that guys mishandled their control over ladies, and tried to have ladies participate in political issues. After ladies concluded they were getting no where with basic exhibits they chose to utilize some aggressor methodologies by disturbing political gatherings and implementing hunger strikes lead by Emmeline Pankhurst. At long last, in 1920 ladies were permitted to cast a ballot in the United States. Ladies in the twentieth century have tagged along way, despite the fact that they will consistently be battling for the equivalent privileges of ladies. Men despite everything cause a bigger compensation than most ladies to do and they become higher officials. Ladies are currently permitted to cast a ballot and have as great a training as a male. With this instruction ladies are turning out to be doctors and political figures in todays society. Ladies would now be able to hold their heads up high and be glad for who and what they are. Medication Essays

A Comparative Analysis of The Secret Sharer and Heart of Darkness Essay

The Secret Sharer and Heart of Darkness, two of Joseph Conrad’s all the more notable novellas, share striking likenesses in subject, plot, character improvement, and imagery. Every novella presents a marine first-individual storyteller who battles mentally with the idea of obscurity and other profound topics. â€Å"Heart of Darkness is one of literature’s most solemn fictions. It investigates the principal inquiries concerning human instinct: the limit with regards to fiendish, the need of limitation, the impacts of confinement, and the need of surrendering pride to accomplish profound salvation† (Haskin). Conrad investigates his significant subject of human duality in both of his works. Character multiplying is a key component to the two works, and this device permits Conrad to investigate great and shrewdness. The Secret Sharer’s Captain alludes to Leggatt as his twofold oftentimes, and Leggatt â€Å"must have looked precisely as I [the Captain] used to look† (Conrad, The Secret Sharer 13). The Captain gets fixated on his doppelgã ¤nger, who he pulls up at hand in the Gulf of Siam, notwithstanding the way that Leggatt clarifies that he has killed a man on the Sephora, his past boat. Multiplying, in the physical and good sense, is found all through â€Å"The Secret Sharer.† The youthful skipper and Leggatt are like the point that they appear to be twins, a recognizable proof that Conrad plainly plans the peruser to take in more than one sense. The two men feel themselves to be outsiders †Leggatt entirely, in view of his wrongdoing, the commander, mentally, on account of his originality to the boat and its group. Leggatt can be viewed as the change self image of the chief, maybe an impression of the darker, even lawbreaker, parts of the captain’s character. A few perusers have contended that Leggatt does n... ... any case, the two novellas, whose titles have a lot of importance, investigate humankind’s limit with respect to detestable. Conrad’s The Secret Sharer and Heart of Darkness clearly investigate similar topics, utilizing fundamentally the same as plots. Works Cited Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. 1899. Undertaking Gutenberg. Web. February 2012. â€. The Secret Sharer. 1912. Electronic Text Center. Web. February 2012. Haskin, Wayne E. Heart of Darkness. Masterplots 4. (November 2010): 1-4. Artistic Reference Center. Web. 25 March 2012. Perel, Zivah. Changing the Hero: Joseph Conrad's Reconfiguring of Masculine Identity in The Secret Sharer. Conradiana 36.1-2. (Spring/Summer 2004): 112-129. Artistic Reference Center. Web. 25 March 2012. Witkoski, Michael. The Secret Sharer. Magill's Survey of World Literature. (January 2009): 1. Abstract Reference Center. Web. 25 March 2012. A Comparative Analysis of The Secret Sharer and Heart of Darkness Essay The Secret Sharer and Heart of Darkness, two of Joseph Conrad’s all the more notable novellas, share striking likenesses in subject, plot, character advancement, and imagery. Every novella presents a nautical first-individual storyteller who battles mentally with the idea of dimness and other profound topics. â€Å"Heart of Darkness is one of literature’s most dismal fictions. It investigates the key inquiries concerning human instinct: the limit with respect to abhorrent, the need of restriction, the impacts of disconnection, and the need of giving up pride to accomplish profound salvation† (Haskin). Conrad investigates his significant subject of human duality in both of his works. Character multiplying is a key component to the two works, and this apparatus permits Conrad to investigate great and fiendishness. The Secret Sharer’s Captain alludes to Leggatt as his twofold often, and Leggatt â€Å"must have looked precisely as I [the Captain] used to look† (Conrad, The Secret Sharer 13). The Captain gets fixated on his doppelgã ¤nger, who he pulls up at hand in the Gulf of Siam, in spite of the way that Leggatt clarifies that he has killed a man on the Sephora, his past boat. Multiplying, in the physical and good sense, is found all through â€Å"The Secret Sharer.† The youthful chief and Leggatt are like the point that they appear to be twins, a recognizable proof that Conrad obviously expects the peruser to take in more than one sense. The two men feel themselves to be outsiders †Leggatt very, due to his wrongdoing, the skipper, mentally, on account of his novelty to the boat and its team. Leggatt can be viewed as the change sense of self of the chief, maybe an impression of the darker, even lawbreaker, parts of the captain’s character. A few perusers have contended that Leggatt does n... ... any case, the two novellas, whose titles have a lot of essentialness, investigate humankind’s limit with regards to detestable. Conrad’s The Secret Sharer and Heart of Darkness clearly investigate similar topics, utilizing fundamentally the same as plots. Works Cited Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. 1899. Task Gutenberg. Web. February 2012. â€. The Secret Sharer. 1912. Electronic Text Center. Web. February 2012. Haskin, Wayne E. Heart of Darkness. Masterplots 4. (November 2010): 1-4. Abstract Reference Center. Web. 25 March 2012. Perel, Zivah. Changing the Hero: Joseph Conrad's Reconfiguring of Masculine Identity in The Secret Sharer. Conradiana 36.1-2. (Spring/Summer 2004): 112-129. Abstract Reference Center. Web. 25 March 2012. Witkoski, Michael. The Secret Sharer. Magill's Survey of World Literature. (January 2009): 1. Abstract Reference Center. Web. 25 March 2012.

Race and Ethnic Relations Essay - 550 Words

Race and Ethnic Relations (Essay Sample) Content: First Name, Last NameCourse Title:Instructor/ Tutor:Date of Submission:Race and Ethnic RelationsIntroductionAsian Americans have emerged as a distinct pan ethnic and robust classification of the American ethnic configuration. The forms of settlement and adaptation are unique on basis of economic, political, and social situations. As other migrants to America, they have undergone discrimination and prejudice from the receiving nation and that has defined their assimilation patterns and place in the stratification in America. This essay looks into the advancement of Asian Americans in the United States and triumph over discrimination to acquire a firm position in the stratification structure. Summary Asians migrated to America between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The Chinese arrived first followed by Japanese, Koreans and Filipinos. Majority were unskilled labourers but subsequent immigrants are educated, highly skilled and earn better lives than majority of Americans. The Japanese immigrants formed a niche in California economy through farming. The 1965 liberalized immigration law made it possible for more Asians like Indians, Koreans, and Vietnamese to move to America. Filipinos constitute a larger number of immigrants as a result of colonization and labour needs. They were recruited as agricultural workers and were initially not considered American citizens but nationals. World War II was a huge influence on immigration of Asians into America.Although Asians constitute only 4% of America population, the number is bound to rise due to supportive economic and cultural factors (Marger 255). California State is home to majority of Asians and they also reside in Texas, New York, and Hawaii. In socioeconomic level, Asian Americans rank high in income, occupational prestige, socioeconomic status, as well as education levels. The status is different among the Asian groups in terms of economic polarization, educational levels, occupation, an d incomes. Chinese and Japanese exhibit economic and educational advancement more than Vietnamese or Filipinos. Asians Americans indicate high rates of business ownership exceeding all Americans (Marger 259). Furthermore, Asians have the innate superiority among other ethnic groups in terms of intelligence and skills (Marger 263). Asian Americans are known for cultural factors especially their emphasis on cohesiveness of family and education. They are hardworking people and motivated to upward mobility. Koreans are known for industriousness and control of emotions and impulses enabling them achieve economic success. Their Confucian values justify work ethics and educational success. However, Asian Americans are hardly interested in politics and participation in politics is limited. They are increasing in numbers which opens a door for potential power in campaign donations as well as solidifying a political base to repel discrimination (Marger 266). Asian Americans were also victims of discrimination and atrocities like physical and social abuse. The anti-Asian heritage speaks volumes of Asian immigrants being subject to abuse, fraud and chicanery, and legal debauchery where laws prohibited testimony of Chinese in suits involving whites. Historical events like Sino phobia, the anti-Japanese movement, and Japanese interment indicate the long journey and fight against discrimination (Marger 268). Asian immigrants were not eligible to citizenship until the 1952 federal legislation that overturned the situation. In present day, prejudice on Chinese is nailed on social class where the less educated and poor are commonly prejudiced. Americans prejudice Asians on intermarriage and disapprove possibilities of an Asi...

Gainful Employment And The Vices It Eradicates In A Society - 2200 Words

Importance Of Gainful Employment And The Vices It Eradicates In A Society (Essay Sample) Content: What Benefits should a Job Offer You in Order for You to Move City or Town?NameInstitution affiliation Job offers come with packages that offer various benefits to the employee. Employers can relocate their employees from a branch to the other in different towns on the need basis. In most cases, the workers are reluctant to relocate due to the uncertainties and non-work related life factors. However, a little adventure in the new environment can be a life changing experience. The employer is obliged to help the worker make an informed decision on relocation. There are various benefits that a job offer should present to employees to entice them to relocate to a new town.First, the job should offer the employee and his or her family a less stressful relocation and accommodation. Finding a place to live in the major cities can be hectic and expensive. The employee should inquire from the employer whether the relocation required is partial or long-term. If it is partial, the employee may not need to relocate the family. However, long-term relocation would require the employee to move together with the family who might pose a challenge in securing accommodation. There is congestion in big cities and scramble for the cheap houses, while there may be scarcity in the small towns. Therefore, it is important for an employee to consider the aspect of accommodation before accepting a new offer requiring relocation.Secondly, an employee should consider a change in social life associated with relocation (Guerrero, 2013). The job offer should ensure the employee enjoys the same level of social life with the family and friends in the same way he or she currently does. The employer should provide return tickets regularly accompanied with off days to the employee to meet the family and friends. In that way, the employee feels within the same social circle. The new environment should be compatible to the lifestyle expectation of the worker. Therefore, social life is an important aspect that the employee should consider before relocating.Lastly, personal growth and career development are important aspects to consider before relocating. Workers should consider the possibility and ease of career growth in the new environment (Jin, Mjelde, Litzenberg, 2014). The employees are likely to be persuaded by a relocation that comes with a promotion. Moreover, workers are likely to garner more experience in cities than in smaller towns due...

The Importance of Self-Concept and Self-Esteem - 1252 Words

Introduction The concept of self has been addressed by many psychology theorists. Self-concept and self-esteem are considered to be the feelings and constructs that people experience in relation to themselves. The idea that self-concept and self-esteem are closely linked to peoples abilities to deal with changes and issues in their lives and to provide some measure of control over what happens to them is documented widely in the literature (Bandura, 1977; Brown, 1993, 1998; Brown Dutton, 1995; Brown and Marshal, 2001; Donnellan, et al., 2005; Watson Clark, 1984; Watson Tellegan, 1985). Self-image and self-perception are basically equivalents to self-concept (Mann, 2004). Self-esteem is regarded as equivalent to self-regard, self-estimation and self-worth. Self-esteem is the evaluative and affective dimension of the self-concept (Mann, 2004). The self is both the knower and the one who is known. Concepts we hold about ourselves may be core to knowing the self, as self-awareness is a continual, fluctuating state. Barring, for this purpose, consideration of the physical self, the aspects that make up the self are cognitive, affective, and executive. The cognitive self consists of our self-knowledge all that we know or believe that we know about ourselves. The affective self is the felt or emotional self, while the executive self is the active or behavioral self (Brown, 1998). Self-esteem and emotion. Self-esteem has been associated with a wide array of positive andShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Self Esteem1630 Words   |  7 PagesMills BU 110 25 October 2016 The Importance of Self-Esteem It is often said that if an individual wishes to succeed in life they must have confidence. That in order to handle difficult situations it is confidence that will see them through. But what if that’s wrong? 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Argumentative Essay about Why I Chose MBA

Attaining personal goal is one of the most exciting things that an individual can ever dream of. Imagine of owning a car a massionate, a big business, being wealthy and even having a beautiful wife or hand some partner. (Weaver, 1997) All these really make us have self satisfaction. The choice lies solely on ones perspective and interests. At times, achieving these goals relies on the decision that one makes. Taking the situation of the current technological arena, most people tend to relies on being self reliant and neglect further education. They venture into personal or family business. Some resort to utilize their talents such as sports, technical aspects such as computer wizardry of which gives them satisfaction. Why then did I decide to pursue a degree in MBA? In deed, various reasons clicked in my mind that made me in landing in this field. Firstly, MBA is an acronym of masters in Business Administration. It entails the managerial aspect and skills that are impacted on the learners on how to manage and control resources. Education is the pillar in the development of a given state. The knowledge when properly disseminated changes the perspective of viewing ideas and gives one a wider perspective in dealing with various situations. Having a dream of making a lot of money to take care of my family, I needed some stringent skills that would make me realize my dream. Jungian personality self assessment test has played a vital role in my career decision making. Having undergone the test, I discovered I am the type of person who is resorted as being social and stickler to rules outgoing, argumentative and, a natural leader. This made me realize I can fit in the social environment more sore where I would mingle with other staff and lead them. However some of Jungian principles differ with my opinion of which I could not manage. For instance my traits could fit in being a police officer which I could imagine of. My category ENTJ to some extent specifies what I should do to enhance good rapport with other workers. (Robbin P. 2009) Cooperate organization requires soft skills such as ability to learn different behaviors’ of employees. In my self evaluation, I realized I have developed leadership skills that my colleagues admired. Most of them tell me that, I posses the ability of being diligent, social person and, ability to organize small groups. These personalities required to be natured so that I could fully acquire them. (Weaver, 1997) Character behavioral formation is an aspect that is acquired through practice of some norms and application of knowledge. Though it is argued that some people naturally have traits such as organization skills, further education is required to enhance these skills. Consequently the contemporary society is virtually filled with business activities, such as financial institutions, on profit organizations, industries and government agencies. The current global scenario has exposed itself where, companies are collapsing due to mismanagement. In addition, workers are falling out because, they lack motivation from managers. This calls for urgent solution to be undertaken to avoid worsening the situation. (Brown, 2002)As an inspiring leader, I needed further level of education especially the one that highlights the stringent issues that we are currently facing. We need competent leaders that would manage resources wisely and ensure business sector flourish well. It is with no doubt that this encouraged me to pursue an MBA. At times many people take higher degree for the purpose of pride, peer pressure or as a requirement by the job description. It is not motivation that makes such individuals to pursue such courses, but the external demanding forces. This leads to the situations that we observe in our management boards today. Having a monologue with myself, I found out the intrinsic motivation that I had and, purpose is different from what the majority perceive. I realized that this could perhaps change the business arena. I strongly believe the passion that I have, and the enthusiasm to see better results and improvement in the people’s living standard would be of great importance to the society. Behavioral management has proved to be a challenging aspect in current business world. (Robbin P. 2009)This is exhibited especially in the cooperate world where most of the individuals who are capable of attaining their very best, but are only limited by motivational boundaries. Having realized this and the character that I have developed over the past years as an individual who is self motivated, I find this to be a chance to impact that knowledge to the cooperate world and improve the efficiency. (Brown, 2002)Fear to motivate the juniors by the managers is common because, they fear that they me be toppled over, However, this is a wrong perspective as it would not only see the whole organization fail but also, the manager as a person to be seen as failure Having also acquired the managerial skills, I can also be in a position to develop personal knowledge on how to manage my business. It is a challenge to many individuals to manage business. This leads to the collapse of many businesses because of lack of knowledge. The skills that I would acquire in my MBA would assist me organize my business and realize very high profits. This would make me achieve my goals of attaining a lot of money that would sustain my family. My outgoing character would add as an added advantage where I would be opportunistic and maximize any business chances that come to my way. The Jungian principle also describes me as a person who practices competency. This is a vital instrument more so in a business environment, where quality work is deserved for better growth. I believe wherever I would work, quality would be my principle. This is in line with the studies from MBA where quality is one of the key principles for acquiring more clients. In conclusion, the 16 test from Jungian test have had an impact in my decision to undertake an MBA. In addition, studying MBA would further empower me to achieve my goals faster and live a happy life. Personally, the areas that are my weaknesses such as being overambitious would be corrected through change of behavior and further training. References Brown, D. (2002). Career choice and development. New York: Willey Company Robbins .P, S. (2009). Self assessment. U. S. A: Pearson princetone Hall Weaver, R. (1997). Manage as facilitators. USA: Berret koehler publisher

Medieval Period The Middle Ages - 1964 Words

The period of time from approximately 500 AD - 1600 AD is commonly know as the Middle Ages. It is also known synonymously as the Dark Ages; a time devoid of any art, literature, theatre, or innovations. A Medieval scholar will be quick to dispute these claims for when one begins to study this time period it becomes hard to deny the plethora of artistic development over the thousand year period. Theatre scholars and practitioners are not immune to this common misconception. In the long history of theatrics the timeline often goes from Roman theatre straight to Elizabethan with the exception of Morality Plays being the only genre of note in between. This then leads to misconception that the only plays of the Medieval Period are Morality†¦show more content†¦King Henry VIII came to power on April, 22 1509. This means that The Interlude of Youth was written very early into King Henry VIII’s reign and the young king would have just entered his twenties. Therefore it is not difficult to come the conclusion that the brash young Prince Youth is a representation of King Henry VIII. An easy proof of this in the text can be found in Youth’s first speech when he declares that his ‘legs be full light for to run,/ To hop dance, and make merry.’ These lines are strongly reminiscent of ‘The arrogance and vanity of the young Henry experienced by visitors to the English court such as Pietro Pasqualigo, the Venetian diplomat to whom the King showed off his muscular leg in 1515.’ During the course of the play Youth is allured in to friendship with Riot, Pride and Lechery who are embodiments of the traits their very names suggest. All the while Charity and Humility try the length of the play to keep Youth away from Riot, Pride and Lechery in order to ensure that he will be a ruler with virtue and without vice. The plot of The Interludes of Youth may seem inconsequential to a modern audience, but knowing that Youth is Henry VIII a nd that this play was specifically commissioned by Henry Algernon Percy the fifth earl ofShow MoreRelatedThe Medieval Period Of The Middle Ages901 Words   |  4 PagesThe Medieval Bestiary During the middle Ages there was thought to be a spiritual aspect to animals – real and imaginary. The bestiary was an odd compilation, even to today s standards. It combined observations from nature, zoological commentaries, imaginative illustrations and a good dose of moral and religious lessons to bind it all together. In a time where there was no distinct separation between church and science, it seems almost natural that a book like the bestiary evolved from such an unlikelyRead MoreThe Medieval Period Of The Middle Ages1183 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the Middle ages countless disputes over power occur. From corrupted government officials, to establishing a proper structure for Roman Catholicism. However, one can argue whether it’s good or bad intentions with great powers comes great responsibility. The Medieval period began from the 5th century when the Western Roman Empire collapsed, to 15th century. During the Medieval Period the Roman Church was the dominat ed church. The church controlled religion, philosophy, morals, politics, artRead MoreThe Early Middle Ages And Early Medieval Period Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pagesfocus on medieval to modern times can help you learn about what historians call the late antiquity, early middle ages, and the early modern period. These periods were all crucial in the formation of modern government, philosophy, culture as well as many other aspects and qualities of society today. The late antiquity, the early middle ages and the early modern period were all named by historians to mark significant changes in politics, culture and spirituality. The late antiquity period is saidRead MoreArt in the Middle Ages and The Renaissance and Its Effect in Society1017 Words   |  5 PagesThe Medieval period also referred to as the Middle Ages was the period of time between the demise of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance era; this was the period from the 5th century to the 17th century in Europe. During this time, society conformed to the feudal system which was based on the hierarchy approach which upper class had control over the lower class. Included in this class structure were kings, lords, neighboring kings, peasants and church leaders. In the Middle Ages, art evolvesRead MoreHow Truth Was Defined By Medieval Europeans1696 Words   |  7 PagesEric Green Urban British Literature 1st 3 December 2015 How Truth Was Defined By Medieval Europeans In life majority of people believe telling the truth is the correct way of living. Truth has endured the world throughout time and is seemingly unanswerable to those who do not understand it because this subject appears in every culture. Truth goes along with universal questions such as what is beauty, justice, and power. And love but none have a direct answer because they are all dependent onRead MoreMedieval Period in European History1575 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The medieval period in European history begins after the fall of the Roman Empire around 500 C.E., and continued until the early modern period beginning around 1500. The medieval period is split into the sub-categories of early medieval (500-1000), central middle ages (1000-1300), late medieval (1300-1500), and followed by the early modern period (1500-1800). At each of these periods of time important political, economic, social, cultural, religious and scientific changes were beingRead MoreThose Horrible Middle Ages !1433 Words   |  6 PagesAs indicated by the sarcastic title of her book â€Å"Those Terrible Middle Ages!† French historian Rà ©gine Pernoud addresses this commonly held misconception. She argues this time in history spanning approximately a thousand years as well as the image of the Church, have been irresponsibly represented. Her examination of this time period reveals that it is not the Church, but modernism that generates a return to the classical ideol ogy of antiquity. These ancient pagan beliefs of the distant past are notRead MoreSummary of Medieval and Renaissance Criticism1505 Words   |  7 PagesSummary of Medieval and Renaissance Criticism Submitted by R. Zothanmawia V Semester BA R/no: 1101BA005 MEDIEVAL CRITICISM The period between the Classical Age and the Renaissance is vaguely named the Middle Age or the Medieval Age. In England, this period spans eight centuries and historians place it from the year of composition of Beowulf in 725 AD to 1474 AD when Caxton published the first book ever printed. The only standard work that dealt with Medieval Criticism is English Literary Criticism:Read MoreThe Late Middle Ages And Medieval Times996 Words   |  4 PagesThe Middle Ages, or Medieval Times, lasted from the fifth to fifteenth centuries in European history. Specifically, 1300-1500 brought about the period known as the Late Middle Ages. In this period, a decline of the quality of life became apparent. The Late Middle Ages is viewed largely as the early beginnings of what would become the Renaissance only a couple of centuries later. Even being the late part of the Middle Ages, much of this time was still prevalently medieval much like the earlier centuriesRead MoreWomen As Represented In Society By Anita Kay OPry-Reynolds-Renolds938 Words   |  4 PagesRepresented in Medieval Literature in Society by Anita Kay OPry-Reynolds-Renolds you can find a different way of how women men were supposed to act during the Medieval time period. She finds evidence from different Medieval wor ks of literatures to help support her thesis. OPry-Reynolds uses some details from Beowulf, Lancelot, Knight of the Cart, and Sir Gawain and The Green Knight to show the different gender roles between men and women. The details OPry-Reynolds finds from the different Medieval literatures

Is Insanity Normal Essay - 3468 Words

Is Insanity Normal? Works Cited Missing We’re all mad here. I’m mad. You’re mad -The Cheshire Cat from Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland Have you ever questioned your sanity? Have you ever wished you could change, for even one day, and be the person that others wanted you to be? Have you ever actually made that change, either by choice or by force? Do you think you’re normal? Maybe you’ve lived the most normal life you could imagine. Or maybe not. Maybe you’re life is so abnormal and outrageous that you don’t wish to be normal. Have you ever questioned your sanity? Introduction Insanity appears in various forms and we all know how to mentally picture it. We can create clear images of insane individuals in our†¦show more content†¦Everyone experiences its symptoms differently, so, clearly, we should not classify any two individuals together. Unfortunately, madness is defined by stereotypical ideals and not as an accepted difference. It has become the inability to be sane. We have a clear distinction between sane and insane. Most would agree that we consider the former, normal, and the latter, abnormal. As John Dupre, author of, Normal People, wrote, The idea that there are normal and abnormal ways for people to be and to behave is a very familiar one. So also is the idea that abnormality- or deviance- is something regrettable, deplorable, and even, in some cases, punishable (221). Depending on which category one fits into, he or she may be effortlessly accepted or completely rejected. The way we define insanity obviously pushes away differences. Because society seems exclusively to accept those who act within a narrow range of barriers and not those who act outrageously, anyone who does this runs the risk of being considered unnecessarily mad or insane and, unfortunately, this may sometimes result in him or her being committed or banned from society. As Lennard J. Davis author of Constructing Normalcy states, †¦the problem is not the person with disabilities, the problem is the way that normalcy is constructed to create the ‘problem’ of the disabled person (9). The fact is that society has created a stigma that establishes,Show MoreRelatedThe Insanity Defense And The Defense1428 Words   |  6 Pages The insanity defense was first used by U.S. Congressman Daniel Sickles of New York in 1859 after he had killed his wife s lover, Philip Barton Key. The insanity defense asserts that a criminal defendant should not be found guilty due to the defenda nt s â€Å"insanity,† but insanity in this context refers to a very specific dysfunction. The theory behind the defense is that a person who is insane lacks the intent required to perform a criminal act because the person either does not know that the actRead MoreWhy We Crave Horror Stephen King Analysis1004 Words   |  5 PagesCaught up in our lives, we all begin to lose our sense of feeling like a normal person. By watching the peculiar events and characters in a horror movie, a person can replenish their normality. Stephen King offers another example from a horror movie that compares humans to the ugly personae in a horror movie--â€Å"Freda Jackson as the horrible melting women in Die, Monster, Die!† (King, â€Å"Why We 1) makes us feel, to put it bluntly, normal. King continues to use this example to prove we are â€Å"light- years fromRead MoreReview Of Ken Kesey s One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest 1603 Words   |  7 Pagessanity and insanity are affected b y many different aspects and according to common knowledge, insanity has a direct correlation to mental illness. Likewise, sanity seems to have a direct link to what is considered normal. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey describes the connection that both insanity and sanity have to mental illness and the people that suffer from it. Furthermore, it describes how the people who work in the mental ward are connected to how sanity and insanity are perceivedRead MoreNot Guilty By Reason Of Insanity847 Words   |  4 Pagesreason of insanity is defined as â€Å"a verdict rendered by a jury in a criminal case that finds that the defendant was insane at the time of committing the crime as determined by application of the rest for insanity used in the jurisdiction compare guilty but mentally ill...† (FindLaw Legal Dictionary). This means that someone who has committed a crime cannot be tried as guilty for the crime at hand due to the determination that the defend ant is â€Å"insane†; â€Å"a state of mind that prevents normal perceptionRead MoreFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley1544 Words   |  7 Pagesthis concept and gives us her interpretation of it. Throughout the novel, both characters undergo a series of experiences that build on each other, which consequently leads them to their insanity. Shelley’s use of the characters’ personal experiences in her novel Frankenstein, explicate the triggers of insanity. Victor Frankenstein’s pursuit of knowledge creates an obsession that ultimately consumes him. Victor, who even as a young child â€Å"was more deeply smitten with the thirst for knowledge,† wasRead MoreInsanity Plea Essay example1098 Words   |  5 Pageswith the verdict of not guilty by reason of insanity. About a year before, Hinckley shot Ronald Reagan because he was infatuated with the famous actress Jodie Foster. He thought shooting Reagan would impress her and lead her to fall in love with him. After the verdict was announced, the public responded with dismay because they felt as though Hinckley should pay for what he had done. Following the uproar, the United States revised and limited the insanity plea with the hopes that fewer people wouldRead MoreFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley1544 Words   |  7 Pagesthis concept and gives us her interpretation of it. Throughout the novel, both characters undergo a series of experiences that build on each other, which conseq uently leads them to their insanity. Shelley’s use of the characters’ personal experiences in her novel Frankenstein, explicate the triggers of insanity. Victor Frankenstein’s pursuit of knowledge creates an obsession that ultimately consumes him. Victor, who even as a young child â€Å"was more deeply smitten with the thirst for knowledge,† wasRead MoreEffects of Isolation in the Yellow Wallpaper1245 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effect of Isolation Through out the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and the film, â€Å"Santa Sangre,† the main characters finds themselves led into a state of insanity. In the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† the narrator explains that she is suffering from post partum depression, leaving her husband to treat her with rest cure or bed rest. During this time, she is placed in a solitary room with walls covered in yellow wallpaper. Similarly, through out â€Å"Santa SangreRead MoreThe Mentally Ill1679 Words   |  7 Pages Throughout history, human societies have had conflicting views on insanity and how it is defined in life. Primitive cultures found peace within shamans and witch doctors because they believed the insane were possessed by evil spirits. From then on, in Roman and Greek cultures, there was a somewhat progressive ideology that mental illness came from biological and emotional ailments. They believed in treating those with mental disorders humanely and respectfully which is an attitude that has beenRead MoreThe Insanity Plea For Pleading Insane1616 Words   |  7 PagesOver the years the abuse of insanity plea, has troubled our American Justice System in our world today. The growth in this defense has increased so much that the expansion has asked the question; whether or not insanity plea is a worthy and justified defense to be used in the courts. The Insanity defense is when a criminal defendant can be found to have been legally insane when that defendant committed the crime they did at the time. In some cases, the criminal defendant pleads insane and gets a

Earnings Qantas Airways Limited

Question: Discuss about the Earnings Qantas Airways Limited. Answer: Introduction: Qantas Airways Limiteds financial performance has improved in the financial year 2016 as compared to the previous year, which is depicted in the increase in the return on invested capital. The company has reported a return on invested capital of 22.70% for the financial year 2016, which is greater than that reported for the year 2015 (Qantas, 2016). In the year 2015, the company reported a return on invested capital of 16.20%. The return on invested capital has been computed by dividing the earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) by average invested capital. Thus, the increase in the return on invested capital could be attributed to the increase in EBIT or reduction in the average invested capital (Bernstein, 2004). In the current case of Qantas, both the factors such as increase in EBIT and reduction in average capital employed have contributed to the increase in the return on invested capital. The EBIT was observed to be $1,476 million for the year 2015, which increased to $2,009 million in the year 2016. Further, the average invested capital was observed to be $9,091 million for the year 2015, which reduced to $8,857 million in the year 2016 (Qantas, 2016). The combined impact of increase in the EBIT and the reduction in the average invested capital caused substantial increase in the return on invested capital in the year 2016. The increase in the EBIT indicates improvements in the operational performance of the company in the year 2016. The primary reason for improvement in the operational performance has been observed to be increase in the revenues. The revenues of the company increased from $15,816 million in the year 2015 to $16,200 million in the year 2016 (Qantas, 2016). In addition to this, there have been observed a reduction in the operating cost as well. The major reduction was found to be in fuel cost, which reduced from $3,937 million in the year 2015 to $3,250 million in the year 2016 (Qantas, 2016). Further, the reduction in the average invested capital also caused improvement in the operational performance of the company. In the regard, the major improvement was observed in the managing receivables. The accumulation in receivables went down from $1093 million in the year 2015 to $929 million in the year 2016. Further, slight increases in the liabilities such as payables and advance revenues helped in optimizing the invested capital, which ultimately caused enhancement in the return on invested capital (Bernstein, 2004). Cost of Debt for Qantas Amount ($M) Amount ($M) Interest bearing debt 2015 Current 771.00 Non-Current 4,791.00 Total 5,562.00 Interest bearing debt 2016 Current 441.00 Non-Current 4,421.00 Total 4,862.00 Average level of debt for 2016 5,212.00 Total Interest paid out in 2016 284.00 Cost of Debt (Interest paid/Average level of debt 2016) 5.45% The market value of shares is taken as the weight of equity in the computation of WACC. Therefore, the average equity level has been calculated based on the market value of shares as shown below: Market Value of share capital of Qantas Share Capital Market Value on 01.07.2015 No of Shares (million) 2,205 Share Price on 01.07.2015 3.26 Market Value (A) ($M) 7,187.40 Share Capital Market Value on 31.06.2016 No of Shares 2,083 Share Price on 31.06.2016 2.82 Market Value (B) ($M) 5,874.05 Average Equity Levels for 2016 2016 ($M) 2015 ($M) Market Value of Shares 5,874.05 7,187.40 Treasury Shares (50.00) (7.00) Reserves (220.00) (66.00) Retained Earnings (100.00) (1,115.00) Total Equity 5,504.05 5,999.40 Average Equity for 2016 5,751.73 Cost of Equity for Qantas: Using CAPM Model Description Rate Remarks A. Risk free rate 1.77% Based on 5 years bond yield (Bloomberg, 2016) B. Market return 7.18% Based on average annual returns on ASX 200 (refer appendix-B) C. Beta of Qantas 0.86 Computed variance and covariance of returns (refer appendix-A) CAPM 6.40% Weighted average cost of capital Weight Cost Weighted Average Debt 0.48 5.45% 0.026 Equity 0.52 6.40% 0.034 WACC 5.95% The return on invested capital is the return earned by the company on the amount of capital or resources used in earning that return. The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the return that the investor may desire from the company to earn. Thus, the weighted average cost of capital designates the investors expectations from the company (Brigham and Daves, 2014). In case of Qantas, the company earned after tax return on invested capital of 15.90%, while the weighted average cost of capital is worked out to be 5.95%. This indicates that the company is earning more than the investors expectations. Therefore, the return on invested capital of 15.90% is very much acceptable from the investors perspective. The company is following policy of paying dividend and buying the shares back from the shareholders. This policy of the company seems to be inappropriate in the given circumstances because the company is earning more than the investors expectations. In such circumstances, the company should retain the profits and reinvest the same in the operations rather than distributing as dividend to the shareholders. On the same grounds the company is advised to stop buy back of the shares also. References Qantas. 2016. Preliminary Final Report for the Financial Year Ended 30 June 2016. [Online]. Available at: https://investor.qantas.com/FormBuilder/_Resource/_module/doLLG5ufYkCyEPjF1tpgyw/file/full-year-results/preliminaryFinalReport16.pdf [Accessed on: 20 September 2016]. Bernstein. 2004. Analysis of financial statement. Tata McGraw-Hill Education Brigham, E.F. and Daves, P.R. 2014. Intermediate financial management. Cengage Learning. Bloomberg. 2016. Australian bond rates. [Online]. Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/markets/rates-bonds/government-bonds/australia [Accessed on: 20 September 2016].

Marketing Tactics and Business Export

Question: Describe about the Marketing Tactics and Business Export. Answer: What service aspects, and additional complimentary service areas, would you develop given your target market section (i.e. 24/7, individual personal trainers, spa and sauna services, etc.)? The service aspect along with complimentary service that would enhance target market section is as follows; Discount vouchers for repeated service. A customer opting for repeated services can get discount vouchers for the same from next time. Club card for availing privileged services. The company can make a loyalty club card that delivers value to customers in terms of points or point redemption at other outlets of other stores(Studio Retrieved on 23rd November 2016). Promotional coupons for add on services, as 10% off for first service and thereafter 15% off on consecutive services. This will further attract customers to avail repeated services. Additional services by clubbing. Providing customers add on service with traditional services as free message with physiotherapy and so on. The company can offer beauty care services which are traditionally offered by salons. Pick-up and drop services for regular customers Promotional strategies by telephone calling regular customers during periods of sale or heavy discounts. This will help gain attention of customers and they will feel valued from the company. Prolong services from standard time. This means to increase service times for a particular service to enhance customer satisfaction levels. This will highly surprise the customer who will have expectation that the service will end in a particular period of time but on receiving prolonged time, customer will be attracted(Navarro 2010). Deliver services by individual trainer at residents of individuals. This will help targeting a lot of customers who cannot travel to the company or does not want to travel. They will be delighted to receive such services from the company at affordable rates clubbed with other offers. References Navarro, A., Losada, F., Ruzo, E. and Dez, J.A., 2010. Implications of perceived competitive advantages, adaptation of marketing tactics and export commitment on export performance.Journal of world business,45(1), pp.49-58. Studio, TP Retrieved on 23rd November 2016, 'Customer Service', https://www.thepilatesstudio.co.nz/#about-marquee.

Mount Everest Case free essay sample

The formation of groups by the leaders lacked the consideration of the non-expert members’ skills. The leaders, groups and their members had different sets of goals in their minds. The teams’ goals did not fit well with the overall goals of the organization. There was an imbalance between the perceptions of the team members, guides and the leaders. (2) Right from the very beginning team leaders underestimated the challenges offered by Mount Everest. It indicates the tendency of overconfidence bias and recency effect of reliance on good weather in recent years. 3) The team members could not establish strong working relationships. Many team members were either not sure of their role in their teams or were reluctant to raise a point due to their perception that they were placed lower in the chain of command. Sherpas’ expertise was not properly utilized. In fact, the groups never moved beyond the forming phase. There was lack of group decision making. We will write a custom essay sample on Mount Everest Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They had an excellent knowledge pool which the groups did not utilize to make decisions. (4) The leadership style of Hall Fischer discouraged feedback from the team members. Therefore, the leaders were distanced from guides and other team members. It was a detriment to working of the group as one unit. There was lack of participative management. However, participative management could not be used as a universal rule while facing hostile nature. This problem was compounded by an autocratic leadership style. Team members’ psychological safety was missing. (5) The leaders, guides and non-expert members all ignored the â€Å"two o’ clock rule†. This rule was set up by the leaders but they themselves did not adhere to it. Their late arrival at the summit left them with no choice but to descend in darkness and deal with hostile weather. There was no discussion about the relevance and usefulness of pushing forward with the climb knowing that the above rule would be violated. This is an indication of poor decision-making. (6) There was a lack of communication during different phases of this expedition. In the absence of live communication the members could not have reviewed and revised their goals and strategies if they felt that the weather or other circumstances were going against them. There were not enough radios. There were concerns about lack of sufficient supply of oxygen. The communication was flowing only from the top and in some case there was a complete communication breakdown. (7) The leaders, guides, and other members were reluctant to accept defeat. Some of these individuals had failed to climb Mount Everest in the past and they did not want to fail again. In essence, the groups lacked a thorough strategy for of digging in or moving back if risks became too obvious. It indicates escalation of commitment on the part of members. 8) Both Hall Fischer were leaders and visionaries of the groups’ strategy. However, during the expedition they became too occupied with the small operations and missed the possible opportunity to rethink and revise their overall plans and/or strategy. They could not adjust the perceptions of the team members and even allowed them to develop personal bias about the abilities of some of the members. (9) Physical and psycholog ical condition of some members deteriorated but they continued to climb. The leaders not only disregarded these members’ capabilities but also dedicated time to help them. This time could be spent on making critically important decisions (e. g. a possible decision to delay or abandon the last phase knowing that climbers would have to descend at night). Leaders focused on their individual goals and were overtaken by sunk cost effect. (1) Individual, group and organizational capabilities should be mixed in a way that they can achieve organizational goals. Subgroups should be created within the groups so that a buddy system can evolve. There should be no tiered membership of a group with the exception of the top leader. All members and Sherpas should work together and help each other in time of need without waiting for decisions originating from the top. Team members should be selected on the basis of their physical and psychological abilities. They should be provided training to learn deficient skills as well as importance of working as a cohesive group. Teams should be trained to work as self-managed team after they reach Camp III. Team members should be told that they can be dropped from the expedition any time if there is any doubt about their ability to reach the summit. 2) Leaders must adjust to the fact that despite the best preparation, Mount Everest holds surprises for all climbers. Human errors may indeed be a cause of failure but nature can force climbers to retreat and they should respect it. The perceptions of the team members should be shaped by the leaders in such a way that recognition of real challenges remains a serious factor on which the outcomes are based. If teams set up realistic goals and are willing to adjust their strategies according to the changing environment, they are more likely to succeed. (3) Groups should be ncouraged to communicate freely under preset rules. The leaders should interfere only when the norms are not being followed or they feel that they have to override group decisions in unusual circumstances. Upward, downward, horizontal and diagonal communication would facilita te problem solving and decision making at all levels. Effective communication also opens the door for adjustment of strategies to accommodate retreat, regroup and retry. (4) There cannot be any exception to the â€Å"two o’clock rule†. This rule is set up considering the hostile surroundings at the Mount Everest. If there is a delay in starting the move towards the summit, it only makes sense to abandon the plans for that day. These common sense rules must be followed by all leaders, guides, members and Sherpas without any exception. This rule must be followed by every individual just as a business is supposed to follow the law of the land. (5) To overcome sunk cost effect, overconfidence bias and recency effect, future expeditions should consider taking an independent expert with them whom they can rely on for making risk assessment and for unbiased guidance during the difficult circumstances as discussed in (4) above. 6) There is no scope for logistic problems for Mount Everest climbers. Procurement and management of supplies should be left with an outside firm. All supplies should reach the Base Camp before the teams. Perhaps, use of satellite weather images can guide the climbers to decide the timing of their push towards the summit. (7) Leaders should be available for guidance and also f or making critical decisions. They should refrain from executing the strategy. Instead of ensuring personal customer service to a client their role should be to stay committed to overall goals. If a team member falls ill, it is better to let a Sherpa escort the client to the camp. (8) If one has to rely on the complex systems theory, then the strategy should focus on eliminating human errors and group interaction difficulties and leave harsh weather to be dealt with on an â€Å"as needed† basis and pulling back when necessary. Cultural and Status Summary: American: Hansen, Dr. Weathers, Fischbeck, Kasischke, Taske and Krakauer (Adventure Consultants): Fischer (Leader-Experienced) , Beidleman (Guide – Experienced), Pitman, Fox, Madsen, Schoening, Schoening Jr. Martin Adams, Kruse (Mountain Madness): New Zealand: Hall (Leader-Experienced) and Harris – (Guide – Experienced) (Adventure Consultants) Australia: Groom – (Guide –Experienced) (Adventure Consultants): Japan: Namba (Adventure Consultants): Canada: Hutchison: Scandinavia: Gammelgaard: Russia/Kazakhstan: Boukreev – Guide Experienced Neal Beidleman Nepal: Lead and climbin g Sherpas (1) Beidleman (American) was a guide in the team led by Fischer (American). The other guide in their team was Boukreev (Russian). American culture is characterized as open and willing to discuss any subject. Beidleman considered himself as the â€Å"third† guide due to lack of solid high-altitude experience (or he felt that he was inferior to a Russian guide? ). He was not willing to express his views/concerns. It will be speculative to assume that Beidleman would have changed the outcome of 1996 expedition if he was able to express his views freely. The fact of the matter is that Beidleman and three others found their way to Camp IV on May 10. However, his perception did cause breakdown of free communication between the team members. (2) Nepalese people are known to be religious and modest. They have a passion for climbing mountains. The case authors have incorrectly characterized Sherpas’ interest in climbing due to money or status only. They live in the area and are used to the weather. They have tremendous amount of respect for the nature. They view Mount Everest as the â€Å"goddess of sky†. On the other hand, the Westerners have no such respect for the Mount Everest. Both Fischer and Hall were overconfident and showed no respect for Sherpas’ beliefs. This stark difference in the two cultures was perhaps a reason for violation of the â€Å"two o’ clock rule†. Lead and other Sherpas were considered servants and their expertise was totally ignored. Fischer’s decisions to take Schoening on a second attempt and later help Kruse took some valuable time and energy away from him. He could have delegated these tasks to a Sherpa. (3) Boukreev (Russian) did not know English well. He had difficulty building relationship with other team members. The other guide in Fischer’s team, Beidleman, had already developed a different perception about his place in the team. Boukreev’s limited language skills and Beidleman’s perception about his status hampered functioning of their team (group). It is not known whether Yasuko Namba (Japan) was fluent in English or there were other language/status/cultural barriers in Hall’s team. (4) Boukreev reached Camp IV at 5 pm on May 10 before others. Questions were raised about his early arrival to the Camp IV while others were struggling to reach the camp amid bad weather conditions. It is not clear if Boukreev felt a rush to save his life knowing or he just wanted to abandon the group due to his failure to build relationships. However, his explanation is logical that he wanted to be able to save lives later on when others needed help. Mount Everest Case free essay sample The formation of groups by the leaders lacked the consideration of the non-expert members’ skills. The leaders, groups and their members had different sets of goals in their minds. The teams’ goals did not fit well with the overall goals of the organization. There was an imbalance between the perceptions of the team members, guides and the leaders. (2) Right from the very beginning team leaders underestimated the challenges offered by Mount Everest. It indicates the tendency of overconfidence bias and recency effect of reliance on good weather in recent years. 3) The team members could not establish strong working relationships. Many team members were either not sure of their role in their teams or were reluctant to raise a point due to their perception that they were placed lower in the chain of command. Sherpas’ expertise was not properly utilized. In fact, the groups never moved beyond the forming phase. There was lack of group decision making. We will write a custom essay sample on Mount Everest Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They had an excellent knowledge pool which the groups did not utilize to make decisions. (4) The leadership style of Hall Fischer discouraged feedback from the team members. Therefore, the leaders were distanced from guides and other team members. It was a detriment to working of the group as one unit. There was lack of participative management. However, participative management could not be used as a universal rule while facing hostile nature. This problem was compounded by an autocratic leadership style. Team members’ psychological safety was missing. (5) The leaders, guides and non-expert members all ignored the â€Å"two o’ clock rule†. This rule was set up by the leaders but they themselves did not adhere to it. Their late arrival at the summit left them with no choice but to descend in darkness and deal with hostile weather. There was no discussion about the relevance and usefulness of pushing forward with the climb knowing that the above rule would be violated. This is an indication of poor decision-making. (6) There was a lack of communication during different phases of this expedition. In the absence of live communication the members could not have reviewed and revised their goals and strategies if they felt that the weather or other circumstances were going against them. There were not enough radios. There were concerns about lack of sufficient supply of oxygen. The communication was flowing only from the top and in some case there was a complete communication breakdown. (7) The leaders, guides, and other members were reluctant to accept defeat. Some of these individuals had failed to climb Mount Everest in the past and they did not want to fail again. In essence, the groups lacked a thorough strategy for of digging in or moving back if risks became too obvious. It indicates escalation of commitment on the part of members. 8) Both Hall Fischer were leaders and visionaries of the groups’ strategy. However, during the expedition they became too occupied with the small operations and missed the possible opportunity to rethink and revise their overall plans and/or strategy. They could not adjust the perceptions of the team members and even allowed them to develop personal bias about the abilities of some of the members. (9) Physical and psycholog ical condition of some members deteriorated but they continued to climb. The leaders not only disregarded these members’ capabilities but also dedicated time to help them. This time could be spent on making critically important decisions (e. g. a possible decision to delay or abandon the last phase knowing that climbers would have to descend at night). Leaders focused on their individual goals and were overtaken by sunk cost effect. (1) Individual, group and organizational capabilities should be mixed in a way that they can achieve organizational goals. Subgroups should be created within the groups so that a buddy system can evolve. There should be no tiered membership of a group with the exception of the top leader. All members and Sherpas should work together and help each other in time of need without waiting for decisions originating from the top. Team members should be selected on the basis of their physical and psychological abilities. They should be provided training to learn deficient skills as well as importance of working as a cohesive group. Teams should be trained to work as self-managed team after they reach Camp III. Team members should be told that they can be dropped from the expedition any time if there is any doubt about their ability to reach the summit. 2) Leaders must adjust to the fact that despite the best preparation, Mount Everest holds surprises for all climbers. Human errors may indeed be a cause of failure but nature can force climbers to retreat and they should respect it. The perceptions of the team members should be shaped by the leaders in such a way that recognition of real challenges remains a serious factor on which the outcomes are based. If teams set up realis tic goals and are willing to adjust their strategies according to the changing environment, they are more likely to succeed. (3) Groups should be ncouraged to communicate freely under preset rules. The leaders should interfere only when the norms are not being followed or they feel that they have to override group decisions in unusual circumstances. Upward, downward, horizontal and diagonal communication would facilitate problem solving and decision making at all levels. Effective communication also opens the door for adjustment of strategies to accommodate retreat, regroup and retry. (4) There cannot be any exception to the â€Å"two o’clock rule†. This rule is set up considering the hostile surroundings at the Mount Everest. If there is a delay in starting the move towards the summit, it only makes sense to abandon the plans for that day. These common sense rules must be followed by all leaders, guides, members and Sherpas without any exception. This rule must be followed by every individual just as a business is supposed to follow the law of the land. (5) To overcome sunk cost effect, overconfidence bias and recency effect, future expeditions should consider taking an independent expert with them whom they can rely on for making risk assessment and for unbiased guidance during the difficult circumstances as discussed in (4) above. 6) There is no scope for logistic problems for Mount Everest climbers. Procurement and management of supplies should be left with an outside firm. All supplies should reach the Base Camp before the teams. Perhaps, use of satellite weather images can guide the climbers to decide the timing of their push towards the summit. (7) Leaders should be available for guidance and also for making critical decisions. They should refrain from executing the strategy. Instead of ensuring personal customer service to a client their role should be to stay committed to overall goals. If a team member falls ill, it is better to let a Sherpa escort the client to the camp. (8) If one has to rely on the complex systems theory, then the strategy should focus on eliminating human errors and group interaction difficulties and leave harsh weather to be dealt with on an â€Å"as needed† basis and pulling back when necessary.

Essay Sample For The High School Or College Grader

Essay Sample For The High School Or College GraderThere are a number of reasons why you may need a certain essay sample for the high school or college essay that you will be writing. It could be because you want to give your professor a better idea of how you will do in school, or it may simply be a good practice, but it doesn't hurt to use an essay example before you begin writing your own essays. Here are some reasons why you should make the time to look at some good essay samples.Every school has different requirements for what they will consider acceptable written work for your courses. Your first grade in a class will be an important one, and it will tell the professor a lot about your academic ability. Therefore, if you can use a quality essay sample for your high school or college grade, your professor will be more inclined to give you a higher grade. If they see that you take your lessons seriously, they will be less likely to hold it against you if they see you struggle duri ng your senior year.You also have the advantage of looking at some good essay samples when you are trying to find the right one for your paper. You may find that you don't have the best English skills, or you may simply not understand how to write an effective essay. You may even have some questions about the most common mistakes that people make, so that is another benefit. You can ask for the help of an essay advisor, and hopefully, they will be able to point you in the right direction.If you are not sure where to look for good essay samples, then the Internet may be your best bet. You can easily find free online high school and college essays to review, and you can usually get a lot of information about them. You may even be able to find copies of several different kinds of sample essays to use, which will save you some money on paper. If you are like many students, this type of resource may prove invaluable to you.Students also have to do some editing on their own essays. When y ou hire someone to proofread your essay, they usually help you make any grammar or spelling mistakes, but they don't edit the main points of your essay. If you want to learn more about editing your own essays, you may want to try writing them yourself, or getting a ghostwriter to write them for you.Having a perfect essay is not the only benefit that you can get from an essay sample for the high school or college grader. If you are not confident enough to submit your work, or if you want to be able to give your teacher a glimpse of how you will do in college, you can show them your essays instead. This is often a good way to learn about how to present your work in a way that will be accepted.If you are going to use the Internet, you can find many various places that will give you essay samples, and that are appropriate for both high school and college. You can find free ones on sites like College Board, and you can also look through a variety of paid sites that offer a wide variety o f essay samples. Some companies will give you an essay sample for the high school or college grader as part of your enrollment fees, while others provide the same for free.The choice is yours, but make sure that you use a variety of good essay examples before you begin writing your own. Your fellow students and teachers will appreciate your efforts, and you will also have a ready-made essay sample for the high school or college grader.

Workplace Motivation Essays

Workplace Motivation Essays Workplace Motivation Essay Workplace Motivation Essay Motivation in the workplace is the single most influential factor in achievement of higher productivity and profitability by an organization.   Over the years, psychologists have concurred with social analysts and workplace managers that employees indeed act as the main springboard to effectively promote objectivity of their organizations management plans (Weiner, 1985).   It is from this notion that motivation in most of the organizations has been assimilated not just at the top management levels only, but at the lower sections to derive genuine intrinsic returns.   Owing to this consideration, this paper seeks to explore workplace motivation strategies, their related theories and affects in organizations workplace settings.   Deriving this interlink, the paper outlines various recommendations that could be employed to effect the necessary changes and therefore assimilate holistic productivity and progress.2. Affects of motivational strategies on work productivitya) Introduc tionIn my organization where I work [XYZ] workplace motivation has been the defining factor for its current success.   As an airline company, the management underscores the need to strongly motivate the employees as they are entirely independent in their operations by nature of their jobs. Though the concept of giving the highest possible quality to the consumers through motivating the staff was initially not effectively understood, entry of the current Chief Executive officer made the notion easy to grasp and apply with ease.b) Organizational efforts to promote performanceDue to the high level competition in the airline industry, measures that have the capacity to promote returns are always welcome.   As a result, workers motivation has been assimilated as a major facet for enhancing greater returns.   Therefore, the management has facilitated the formation and operation of teams and groups at the lower levels of employees.   Use of teamwork and team leadership has therefor e brought the staff and employees at the decision making level as they are entrusted with all the major activities that take place during flights.   Indeed, this model been hailed and emulated by other airlines in that the staff is entrusted to address all the emergent issues to generate the highest possible satisfaction to the consumers.Besides, unlike other airline companies that keep on hiring and firing their staff, XYZ observes a high retention system with internal promotions serving as a major motivational consideration.   After the terrorist attack at world trade center in US, XYZ maintained its entire staff as others strongly downsized to cater for the crisis period as more people drifted away from air flights.   Top leadership and management officials are identified and promoted from the teams’ operations efficiency. Such emergent leadership has been a strong motivating facet to the level lower employees as they seek to follow the same trend to get at the top.B ridging the gap between the top management and the lower level employees has perhaps been the best motivating notion that the company employs to boost the morale of the workers in their duties.   Since the onset of the current economic crisis the management has sought to break the previous hierarchical mode of management and bring together all the staff to work together at all times.   By bringing them closer to the management, it became much easier to understand their overall needs and sentiments therefore pro-actively solving them.   Indeed, discussions and problem analysis between the management and staff in search for solutions and alternatives has become part of the XYZ culture.   This brings out the sense of ownership and identity which drives the employees to work in their organizations with great efforts as they would have done for their personal jobs.   It is from the above efforts that XYZ maintained its profitability after the terrorist attack in the year at the world trade center and the current economic downturn as the employees seek to gather more efforts from the continuous motivation they generate.c)   Employees resistance to increasing productivityIt is worth noting that though the management has over the years been strongly committed to enhance greater motivation, strong resistance has also been increasing with time.   Some of the employees view the current initiatives as a facet to divide them in that some cannot be able to get the different team leaders positions or being promoted.   Though the management has been considering this to be part of the anti development group that generally views any form of development from a negative point of view, the company leadership has often been cautioned to ensure that it does not spread to the rest of the staff.   This has prompted the management to establish a general criterion to be used for promotions and awards therefore preventing any sense of sabotage among them.   To add to that, bulk of the major changes have seen introduction of modernistic highly computerized and automated systems to not only reduce the time of service to the consumers, but promote the general quality and utility equivalence of the payment.   However, this has been interpreted to indicate possible threats to their jobs even with the management confirmation of total retention for all the staff.   This has further been linked with the overall resistant nature of the human beings in their work places emanating from their complexity analysis of the present events but overshadowed by the future uncertainty.d)   Management philosophy of motivation and practicesApplication of motivation systems by the company has been deeply based on the understanding of interplay between the different needs of the employees and their efforts to see higher productivity.   As a result, the management overview has been in a twin fold model where the general returns to the staff acts as the main drivi ng force to their general efforts.   Though this has been cited to be the major factor in the company behind its success, a general shift was recorded when the employees suggested their allowances reduction to anchor the general companys cost reduction strategy.   As Hatch underscores in his model of cultural dynamic, the ability of the staff to effectively support the management decisions depends on how the leadership will harmonize their views and needs of the workers to reduce the overall resistance to infer the necessary motivation for work and innovation (2000).   In this respect   XYZ brought sought to bring the management closer to the staff by invoking the necessary autonomy in their work, reducing the hierarchical management system, and incorporating the employees in the decision making process.3. Implications of applying other motivational theoriesa) Vrooms expectancy theoryThough XYZ application of motivational theories has been highly integrative of the different theories due to its nature, some have not been effectively applied.   To begin with, Vrooms expectancy theory indicates that motivation to the staff and employees is based not only on the material well being, but to attain the necessary anticipated outcome as the general achievement and assimilate the belief that the exerted effort has been helpful in promoting the status of the company.   Application of this theory would be of great essence to the company management by being self driven from the onset, carefully self evaluated, and highly cautious to raise productivity and profitability of the company.   However, its application would perhaps be highly controversial due to lack of the necessary guidance as exemplified by the present management of XYZ.   However, it would be a great relevance in reducing the overall expenses and therefore put greater emphasis on productivity and profitability of the company.To the employees, this theory would infer mixed reactions on their perceptions in that the general assimilated attitude towards the company could be essential in enhancing their efforts towards higher production.   However, it also has the capacity to be misinterpreted to indicate oppression by the management towards the employees and therefore become a major stabling block for productivity and progress in the company.   It is therefore essential that its application be effected instantaneously to give the correct message to the employees.b) Aldefers ERC theoryThen Aldefers ERC theory indicates that for all the expected returns to be assimilated, the staff would be required to attain different set standards to get the necessary benefits attached to them (Bollesm, 1975). Though this would infer further need of grater returns to the company, the management may indeed get the direct opposite.   Motivation as indicated in the earlier sections in this paper should be self driving without a sense of coercion. Possible standards should always be est ablished in consultation with the staff to affect the general acceptability of the system by all.For the employees in the company, this would be viewed as part of the general initiative to render them unworkable.   Indeed, it has the capacity to spark unrest from the general sense of inferiority to attain the different set standards.   It is imperative that such level marks are set at the possible levels that the staff would be able to attain and more importantly in teams.4. ConclusionIt is from the above discussion that this paper concludes by supporting thesis statement that motivation in the workplace is the single most influential factor in achievement of higher productivity and profitability by an organization. It is important that staff is carefully handled by the management to generate the necessary perception from them for higher productivity.   Motivation should be integrated to the general culture of the company in a manner that all the major operations project to pr ofitability.   To add to that, the management should give the employees the necessary room to contribute creatively and promote innovation for higher returns.

Artists Use of Facial Expressions Through Words and Illustrations

Neil Gaiman's version in his book The Sandman: Volume 3: Dream Country is a distorted version of the famous Shakespeare plays, some of which contain strange creatures. . With the help of artist Charles Weiss, Gaiman's Midsummer Night's Dream version is active with bold colors and images, and expressions and body expressions between humans and non-human people . wrong. In this article, I will explain how to express various facial expressions that artists use such as words and illustrations. From human melancholic expressions and small expressions, to sad and fun sm From very young age children will find that language, tone, expression, and gesture are all part of the information others give to them. Children learn to express their needs through expression, gestures (nodding, pointing, etc.), and sounds. Just as sound becomes like 'adult', the closer they are to school age, the more they become clearer. The most difficult gesture represents the opposite of what is said in words. Becaus e they are related to body language, they are often positive gestures that do not match negative words or facial expressions. They are hard to understand, but as it makes sense to make sense, it is easy to deal with them. I was invited to Antonio Vitti, director of La Scuola Italiana of Middlebury. I am doing some interactive workshops on gestures, but I also work with Pirandello and Giovanna Taviani, the daughter of Vitranio Taviani to help gestures in Italy. What I like most at these seminars is cultural exchanges of all of us. There is an interaction that allows me to learn more about American culture during work: to teach students how to use gestures to learn and convey traditional Italian traditions, history and tradition. Communication problems often arise from fundamental differences in cultural values. For example, cultures in Latin America, Asia and the Mediterranean often communicate with each other through facial expressions and intonation. On the other hand, English and Germanic culture usually express their intention clearly. Another difference between cultures is the importance of feelings. For example, in Japan and the UK, people tend to avoid expressing emotions, but the US, France, and Italy also accept even more intense emotional performance, even in business.